ISC2 Governance, Risk and Compliance (CGRC) Practice Question
While developing the continuous monitoring strategy for a FIPS 199 moderate-impact SaaS system, the ISSO must demonstrate that vulnerability management is fully integrated with ongoing risk reporting. Which of the following actions best meets this requirement?
Rely on the cloud service provider's annual SOC 2 Type II report to postpone remediation of detected vulnerabilities until the next assessment cycle.
Apply DISA STIG security benchmarks during initial system deployment and document them in the System Security Plan.
Schedule a full-scope penetration test once per year after each Authority to Operate (ATO) renewal to identify new vulnerabilities.
Correlate vulnerability scan results with the asset inventory and record each confirmed finding as a POA&M item with risk-based remediation timelines.
Integrating vulnerability management into continuous monitoring requires that scan results feed directly into the organization's risk management process. By correlating each finding with the current asset inventory, assigning ownership, and placing the issue on the Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M) with deadlines based on assessed risk, the organization meets NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 RA-5 expectations and the broader guidance in SP 800-137 for vulnerability identification, analysis, prioritization, remediation, and tracking. Annual penetration tests, reliance on a cloud provider's assurance report, or one-time STIG application all contribute to security, but they do not provide the ongoing, risk-based tracking and remediation that defines true vulnerability management integration.
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ISC2 Governance, Risk and Compliance (CGRC)
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