ISC2 Governance, Risk and Compliance (CGRC) Practice Question
During quarterly continuous monitoring, a control assessor notes that a critical patch cannot be applied for 90 days because the vendor has not yet released a compatible version. The system owner formally accepts the residual risk. According to RMF best practice for ongoing compliance, what should the security team do next to keep this risk visible and managed?
Document the risk and its 90-day mitigation timeline in the POA&M and update the risk register with scheduled review dates.
Escalate the matter to the Change Control Board to overturn the acceptance decision.
Add an entry in the incident response log and wait for an event that triggers a future investigation.
Close the vulnerability ticket because the risk has been formally accepted.
Accepted or otherwise unmitigated risks cannot simply be closed and forgotten. Under RMF Step 6 (Monitor), organizations must record outstanding weaknesses and associated risk responses in a plan of action and milestones (POA&M) and/or the enterprise risk register. Doing so ensures that leadership can track the exposure, verify the planned completion date, and decide whether circumstances require re-evaluation at each review cycle. Closing the ticket would hide the issue, logging it only in an incident database would not support governance review, and reversing the acceptance decision is unnecessary unless risk tolerance changes.
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What is a Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M)?
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ISC2 Governance, Risk and Compliance (CGRC)
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