ISC2 Governance, Risk and Compliance (CGRC) Practice Question
After completing the initial risk assessment, your team rated a system's inherent risk for an insider data-exfiltration threat as High. Compensating technical and management controls are now fully implemented, and you must calculate the residual risk to brief the authorizing official. Which item must you re-evaluate to quantify the residual risk level accurately?
The disaster recovery plan's recovery time objective (RTO) for the affected system.
The asset's criticality rating established during the business impact analysis.
The organization's documented risk tolerance thresholds.
The revised likelihood that the insider can successfully exfiltrate data after controls are in place.
Residual risk is the risk that remains after safeguards are selected and implemented. To quantify it, the assessor must determine how much the applied controls have reduced either the likelihood of the threat's occurrence, the potential impact, or both. The primary step is therefore to reassess the post-implementation likelihood (and, if applicable, impact). Asset criticality, organizational risk tolerance, and recovery objectives provide useful context for risk treatment decisions, but they do not, by themselves, yield the numerical or qualitative value of residual risk. Without an updated likelihood estimate that reflects control effectiveness, any residual risk calculation would be speculative.
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ISC2 Governance, Risk and Compliance (CGRC)
System Compliance
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