ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP) Practice Question
Your organization is migrating its payroll system to a SaaS vendor that supports SAML 2.0 single sign-on. Corporate policy mandates that only payroll access requires multi-factor authentication (MFA); all other cloud services should continue allowing password-only sign-on to minimize user friction. The enterprise identity provider (IdP) currently enforces the same authentication strength for every service provider. Which design change best satisfies the new policy while avoiding disruption to existing SSO integrations?
Deploy a separate instance of the IdP that enforces MFA and direct payroll users to that new portal.
Disable global MFA at the IdP and rely on the SaaS provider's source-IP restrictions to secure payroll access.
Have the SaaS payroll provider perform its own second-factor challenge after accepting the SAML assertion from the IdP.
Configure the IdP to honor a RequestedAuthnContext with an MFA-level AuthnContextClassRef sent only by the payroll service provider.
Using the SAML RequestedAuthnContext element allows the service provider to signal that a stronger assurance level is required for the payroll application. When the IdP receives the request containing an AuthnContextClassRef that maps to MFA, it performs a step-up challenge only for that transaction and returns a SAML assertion indicating MFA was used. Existing applications continue to receive assertions based on their current (password-only) context, so no separate portals or duplicated configurations are needed. Letting the SaaS vendor manage a second factor or removing MFA globally would either split control of authentication or weaken security.
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What is SAML 2.0 and how does it enable single sign-on (SSO)?
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What is RequestedAuthnContext and how does it work in SAML?
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Why is letting the SaaS provider handle second-factor authentication not ideal?
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ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP)
Cloud Application Security
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