ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP) Practice Question
Your cloud team must bring a fleet of Linux IaaS web servers into compliance with the company's CISābased hardening baseline. A recent scan reports the following HIGH finding:
CIS control 5.2.8 - SSH PermitRootLogin is enabled (current value: yes)
You need to remediate this issue on running instances with minimal service interruption while still allowing administrators to connect with their normal, non-root accounts. Which action best satisfies the baseline requirement?
Use systemctl to stop and disable the sshd service on all servers, forcing administrators to log on through the cloud provider's console instead.
Automate an IaC task that writes "PermitRootLogin no" to /etc/ssh/sshd_config on each server and sends sshd a reload signal.
Terminate the existing VMs and redeploy them from an updated golden image that already blocks root SSH access.
Change the root password on every instance and restrict its distribution to senior administrators only.
Setting the directive PermitRootLogin to "no" in /etc/ssh/sshd_config prevents any interactive SSH session as the root user, fully addressing CIS control 5.2.8. Reloading (not stopping) the sshd service causes the daemon to read the new configuration without dropping existing connections, so production deployments continue uninterrupted. Simply rotating the root password leaves password authentication enabled, and disabling sshd or rebuilding every server are far more disruptive than required.
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What does 'PermitRootLogin no' accomplish in SSH configuration?
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What does 'reloading sshd' mean and why is it used here instead of restarting?
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ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP)
Cloud Security Operations
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