ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP) Practice Question
During a cloud security assessment, you learn that a development team stores a production database connection string-including the clear-text password-in a Kubernetes ConfigMap that is mounted as an environment variable inside application containers. During testing, a tester who compromises a low-privileged pod can read the variable and use the password to dump the entire database. According to the OWASP Top-10 (2021), which vulnerability category does this issue MOST closely correspond to?
A01:2021 - Broken Access Control
A02:2021 - Cryptographic Failures (formerly Sensitive Data Exposure)
The root problem is that a secret is stored in clear text (a plaintext environment variable retrieved from a non-encrypted ConfigMap). This represents a failure to protect sensitive data through proper encryption or secure secret storage. Under the OWASP Top-10 (2021), such shortcomings are classified as Cryptographic Failures (A02:2021), which covers inadequate protection of data at rest or in transit. While broken access control, security misconfiguration, and the use of outdated components can contribute to risk, the primary weakness exploited here is the absence of appropriate cryptographic protection for credentials.
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ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP)
Cloud Application Security
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