ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP) Practice Question
A developer team is refactoring an internal web application to run on a public cloud platform-as-a-service (PaaS). Security wants to ensure the database credentials required by the application are never checked into the Git repository or baked into container images. Which development practice best meets this requirement while following cloud development basics?
Store the credentials in a Kubernetes ConfigMap defined in the same infrastructure-as-code template as the deployment.
Base64-encode the credentials before committing them to the Git repository.
Retrieve the credentials at runtime from the cloud provider's managed secret store using short-lived tokens.
Hard-code the credentials in an environment variable inside the Dockerfile so the image is self-contained.
Retrieving credentials at runtime from a managed secret store prevents them from being committed to source control or embedded in build artifacts. Cloud providers issue short-lived, IAM-based tokens that let the workload pull the secret only when it starts, keeping credentials out of code, IaC templates, and container layers. Base64 encoding or placing the value in a ConfigMap does not protect the secret because the data is still stored in plaintext in the repository or etcd. Hard-coding the secret in an environment variable inside the Dockerfile also exposes it in the image layers and violates least privilege and key rotation practices.
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What is a managed secret store?
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Why is hard-coding credentials or storing them in a Git repository discouraged?
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ISC2 Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP)
Cloud Application Security
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