Multifactor authentication (MFA) establishes a more secure environment by requiring two or more independent credentials for user authentication, making it harder for unauthorized users to gain access. A password alone (single factor) is vulnerable to being guessed or stolen. Similarly, a PIN is a type of knowledge-based single factor which can also be compromised. Though strong, biometrics alone could be subject to potential issues such as false positives or negatives and typically need to be paired with another factor to ensure higher security.