Modern SSD controllers contain many internal NAND channels that can be accessed in parallel. Generating multiple outstanding I/O requests (for example, by running several threads or processes or by increasing the I/O queue depth) allows the drive to keep these channels busy and reach its rated bandwidth and IOPS. Running a single synchronous thread typically issues only one request at a time, leaving most of the drive's internal resources idle, so throughput is lower. While filesystem alignment and scheduler choice can influence latency and consistency, they do not eliminate the need for concurrent I/O to reach peak performance, and modern SSDs do benefit from host-side queuing.
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