AWS Certified Developer Associate DVA-C02 Practice Question
Your team is running a stateless web application on AWS Elastic Beanstalk that serves mostly static HTML and images. After two weeks on t2.medium instances, Amazon CloudWatch shows average CPU utilization below 5 percent and peak memory usage under 500 MiB. You want to lower EC2 costs but still allow the application to burst briefly when traffic spikes. Which instance type is the most cost-effective choice?
A t3.micro instance is a current-generation burstable-performance instance with 2 vCPUs, 1 GiB of RAM, and a 10 percent baseline CPU allocation. Because T3 instances launch in Unlimited mode by default, the CPU can burst above the baseline for as long as needed; if sustained, surplus credits are billed at a small additional rate. Its on-demand price (≈ $0.010 per hour in us-east-1) is less than one quarter of a t2.medium, delivering significant savings while meeting the observed 500 MiB memory requirement.
t3.small doubles the memory and baseline CPU of t3.micro and costs roughly twice as much, offering no benefit to this lightly loaded workload.
t4g.micro is even cheaper but uses the Arm-based Graviton processor; switching requires validating that application binaries and any third-party libraries are compatible.
t2.small is an older generation with only 1 vCPU and the same price as a t3.micro, providing lower performance per dollar and no technical advantage.
Therefore, t3.micro maximizes savings without sacrificing the ability to burst when necessary.
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