AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 Practice Question
Your team needs a managed, serverless workflow that starts when an object arrives under s3://sales/landing/. The workflow must invoke a Lambda function to validate each file, run an AWS Glue Spark job to transform the data, then call another Lambda to load the result into Amazon Redshift. It must provide automatic per-step retries, execution history, and one-click resume from failures. Which solution is most cost-effective?
Set up an Amazon EventBridge pipe to invoke the first Lambda function; have that function synchronously call the Glue job and second Lambda while implementing all retries in code.
Deploy an Amazon MWAA environment and author an Apache Airflow DAG that coordinates the two Lambda tasks and the Glue job.
Build an AWS Glue Workflow that runs the Glue job and add the two Lambda steps as Python shell jobs inside the workflow.
Create an AWS Step Functions state machine that invokes the two Lambda functions and the AWS Glue job, and trigger the state machine with an Amazon EventBridge rule for the S3 prefix.
AWS Step Functions is purpose-built for orchestrating serverless workflows. It offers native integrations with both AWS Lambda and AWS Glue jobs, records a complete execution history, and supports configurable retry logic or catch paths for each state, allowing failed executions to be re-started at the failed step. An EventBridge rule can invoke the state machine when new S3 objects arrive, so no custom scheduling code is needed. EventBridge Pipes alone is an event routing service; the first Lambda would need to manage Glue and Redshift steps as well as error handling in code. Glue Workflows orchestrate only Glue jobs, crawlers, and triggers; adding Lambda requires workarounds such as Python shell jobs and still lacks cross-service state tracking. MWAA can meet the functional need but introduces continuous environment costs and additional operational overhead, making it less cost-effective than the fully managed Step Functions solution.
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What are AWS Step Functions, and why are they suited for serverless workflows?
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Why is an AWS Glue Workflow less suitable for this use case?
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AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01
Data Ingestion and Transformation
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