AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 Practice Question
An AWS Data Engineer launches an Amazon EMR cluster to process log files stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. All objects are encrypted with server-side encryption using a customer managed AWS KMS key (SSE-KMS). The cluster fails immediately with AccessDenied errors when attempting to read the input files. Which action will resolve the error while adhering to the principle of least privilege?
Enable SSE-C on the bucket and upload new copies of the files encrypted with customer-provided keys.
Re-encrypt the bucket with SSE-S3 instead of SSE-KMS to eliminate KMS permissions.
Grant the EMR cluster's EC2 instance profile role permission to use the kms:Decrypt action on the customer managed CMK.
Modify the S3 bucket policy to allow s3:GetObject access for the cluster's security group.
Amazon EMR reads the input files through the EMRFS component, which calls Amazon S3. Because the objects are protected with SSE-KMS, every read request also calls AWS KMS to decrypt the data keys. The IAM role attached to the cluster's EC2 instances therefore needs permission to use the CMK. Adding the kms:Decrypt (and related kms:GenerateDataKey) permissions for that role or adding the role to the CMK key policy authorizes the decryption operation and lets the job succeed. Modifying bucket policies or changing the encryption method is unnecessary and could weaken security.
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What is the role of the kms:Decrypt action in this scenario?
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What is the difference between SSE-KMS and SSE-S3 encryption?
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Why is modifying the bucket policy insufficient in resolving the error?
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AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01
Data Security and Governance
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