AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 Practice Question

After launching a new mobile game, a company ingests 20,000 player-event records per second through Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. An in-game personalization microservice must retrieve the most recent statistics for an individual player in less than 10 ms. Events older than 24 hours will be queried ad-hoc in Amazon Athena. Which data-storage approach best meets these requirements while minimizing cost?

Publish events to an Amazon MSK topic; have the microservice read the topic for player statistics and use MSK Connect to continuously sink the stream to Amazon S3 for Athena.
Store each event in an Amazon DynamoDB table keyed by playerId with a 24-hour TTL; process the DynamoDB stream with AWS Lambda to batch write expired and changed items to Amazon S3 for Athena.
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to aggregate events and load them into an Amazon Redshift cluster; have the microservice query Redshift for personalization and analysts run reports on the same cluster.
Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to deliver events directly to Amazon S3 in Parquet format and have both the microservice and analysts query the data with Amazon Athena.

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Answer Description

Amazon DynamoDB delivers predictable single-digit millisecond latency, satisfying the <10 ms lookups required by the personalization microservice. Each record includes a TTL value set to 24 hours; DynamoDB automatically deletes items within the next couple of days after their expiration timestamp, which keeps the hot working set small and low-latency without consuming write capacity. With DynamoDB Streams enabled, every insert, update, and the eventual TTL delete record is sent to an AWS Lambda function that writes the data to Amazon S3. This provides a complete history for Amazon Athena at very low storage cost. The alternative solutions either cannot guarantee sub-10 ms access (Athena over S3), introduce higher operational cost and latency (Redshift), or are optimized for sequential stream consumption rather than on-demand key lookups (MSK).

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