AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 Practice Question
A company runs an AWS Glue ETL job that is orchestrated by an AWS Step Functions state machine and calls several AWS Lambda functions. Auditors require a single, searchable log of every API call that changes the state of the pipeline. The data engineering team also needs to receive near-real-time CloudWatch alarms when a failure occurs but does not want to manage any servers or additional infrastructure. Which solution meets these requirements with the least operational overhead?
Create an organization-wide AWS CloudTrail trail that logs all regions, configure the trail to deliver events to a dedicated CloudWatch Logs log group, and use CloudWatch metric filters and alarms to detect failures.
Install and configure the CloudWatch Logs agent for each Lambda function and Glue job to stream logs into a central log group, then build metric filters and alarms on that group.
Enable AWS X-Ray tracing for Lambda and Step Functions, export trace data to Amazon S3 with Kinesis Data Firehose, and query the data with Amazon Athena for audits and alarms.
Configure each service to write its execution logs to a common Amazon S3 bucket, crawl the logs with AWS Glue, and use Athena queries and Amazon SNS to notify on failures.
AWS CloudTrail records API activity for AWS Glue, AWS Step Functions, and AWS Lambda. When a trail is configured to send events to a CloudWatch Logs log group, the events become searchable with CloudWatch Logs Insights and can trigger CloudWatch alarms through metric filters. This provides one consolidated, near-real-time view of all control-plane activity without provisioning or managing any servers.
Streaming application logs with agents is not possible for managed services like AWS Glue and Step Functions and would not capture API calls.
AWS X-Ray traces Lambda and Step Functions invocations but does not log Glue API calls and cannot emit CloudWatch alarms directly.
Storing each service's logs in Amazon S3 and querying them with Athena satisfies the audit requirement but lacks real-time alerting and requires more operational setup (crawlers, queries, and notifications).
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What is AWS CloudTrail, and how does it help in this scenario?
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How do CloudWatch metric filters and alarms work to detect pipeline failures?
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Why are the other options incorrect for meeting the requirements?
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AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01
Data Operations and Support
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