During a star-schema redesign, you are asked to modify the Customer dimension so that analysts can compare sales using the attributes that were valid at the time of each purchase (for example, the customer's region on the sale date). The data team is comfortable generating surrogate keys and adding effective and end-date columns, and they do not want to overwrite or delete historical rows. Which slowly changing dimension technique best satisfies these requirements?
Type 4 - maintain a separate history table while the main table holds the current row
Type 2 - insert a new row with a new surrogate key and effective-date range for every change
Type 1 - overwrite the existing row so only the current state is kept
Type 3 - add additional columns to store the previous value, keeping only limited history
The requirement is to keep every historical version of a dimension member, tie each fact row to the correct version, and identify the current record with a simple flag or NULL end date. SCD Type 2 meets all of these needs by inserting a new row (with a new surrogate key) whenever an attribute changes while retaining the prior rows. Type 1 overwrites values and loses history. Type 3 stores only a limited number of previous values in extra columns. Type 4 moves history to a separate table, none of which guarantee full, row-level history in the base dimension tied to facts via distinct surrogate keys.
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Why is SCD Type 2 considered the best choice for retaining historical data in a star-schema redesign?
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What are surrogate keys, and why are they important in SCD Type 2 implementations?
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What is the purpose of effective-date and end-date columns in SCD Type 2?
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CompTIA Data+ DA0-002 (V2)
Data Concepts and Environments
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