CompTIA Data+ DA0-002 (V2) Practice Question

VARCHAR stores variable-length, non-Unicode text and allocates only the bytes actually needed for each row (plus a small length overhead). Because most email addresses are shorter than the 320-character ceiling, a fixed-length CHAR column would waste space by padding shorter values, and NVARCHAR would double storage because it uses two bytes per character for Unicode. VARCHAR(MAX) allows strings far larger than 320 characters and has additional management overhead. Therefore, defining the column as VARCHAR(320) provides the required capacity with the smallest average storage footprint.