Which testing methodology is designed to identify security flaws in source code without executing the program?
Fuzz testing
Penetration testing
Static Application Security Testing (SAST)
Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)
The correct answer is Static Application Security Testing (SAST).
Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools analyze application source code, bytecode, or binary code without executing the program to identify potential security vulnerabilities. SAST can detect issues like buffer overflows, SQL injection vulnerabilities, and insecure coding patterns by examining the code structure.
Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) involves testing a running application by simulating attacks and analyzing the application's responses. Unlike SAST, DAST requires executing the program.
Penetration testing is performed on running applications and systems to identify security weaknesses by simulating real-world attacks. It requires executing the program and typically involves manual testing along with automated tools.
Fuzz testing involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data as input to a running program to identify potential vulnerabilities. This technique requires the program to be executed to observe how it handles the malformed inputs.
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