Which of the following pathophysiologic features is characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but is not typically seen in asthma?
Airflow obstruction that fully reverses with bronchodilator therapy
Airflow limitation that is not fully reversible after bronchodilator therapy
Complete elimination of disease with current medications
COPD is defined by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible even after adequate bronchodilator therapy. This persistent limitation reflects structural changes such as emphysematous destruction and airway remodeling and distinguishes COPD from asthma, where airway obstruction is usually variable and returns to near-normal with treatment. Reversible obstruction, allergen-triggered episodic symptoms, and cure with medication describe asthma or are factually incorrect; both diseases remain incurable and involve airway inflammation.
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