BCEN CEN Practice Question

Alkaline substances rapidly saponify cell membranes and can penetrate ocular tissues within seconds, leading to severe, progressive damage. The first and most critical step-before visual-acuity testing or detailed examination-is to start copious irrigation with any available non-toxic fluid (e.g., saline, lactated Ringer solution, or even tap water) and continue until ocular pH normalizes. The same urgency applies to acid burns; both require immediate irrigation. Delaying irrigation for examination, pH testing, or specialist evaluation greatly increases the risk of permanent vision loss.