In the shared responsibility model, the cloud service provider is responsible for managing the physical infrastructure of the cloud environment, including data centers, servers, and network hardware. Customers are responsible for managing the data, applications, and various configurations within the cloud services they consume, depending on the type of service (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). For instance, in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), the customer is responsible for the OS, middleware, runtime, applications, and data, whereas the cloud provider manages the physical infrastructure, network, and virtualization layer.