Microsoft Azure Security Engineer Associate AZ-500 Practice Question
Your company runs a containerized workload in an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster. The workload must read secrets from an Azure Key Vault in the same subscription. Security guidelines state that authentication must be non-interactive, no long-lived credentials may be stored in the cluster or in code, and access must be limited only to that Key Vault. Which approach should you implement to meet the requirements?
Configure the application to authenticate to Key Vault by using local vault credentials stored in an Azure DevOps variable group.
Enable a system-assigned managed identity on the AKS cluster and grant that identity permission to get secrets in the Key Vault.
Create a service principal that uses a certificate credential, assign it Owner rights on the resource group that contains the Key Vault, and mount the certificate into the pod.
Create a service principal with a client secret valid for two years, assign it the Key Vault Secrets User role at the subscription scope, and store the secret as a Kubernetes secret.
Enabling a system-assigned managed identity on the AKS cluster creates an underlying Microsoft Entra service principal whose credentials are issued and rotated automatically by Azure. The identity is bound to the AKS resource, so nothing needs to be stored in the cluster. Granting this identity get permission to secrets (either through a Key Vault access policy or the Key Vault Secrets User RBAC role) scopes its rights only to the required vault, satisfying least-privilege. The other options either store long-lived credentials, grant overly broad permissions, or rely on an unsupported authentication method, so they do not meet all of the stated requirements.
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Microsoft Azure Security Engineer Associate AZ-500
Secure identity and access
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