An unauthorized user observing system security procedures is known as:
Answer Description
Shoulder surfing is a common tactic to gain information by standing near a person as they talk on the phone, fill out a form, or type in their password.
Wikipedia
In computer security, shoulder surfing is a type of social engineering technique used to obtain information such as personal identification number, password and other confidential data by looking over the victim's shoulder. This attack can be performed either from a closer range by directly looking over the victim's shoulder or from a longer range by using a pair of binoculars. To implement this technique attackers do not require any technical skills; keen observation of victims' …
Shoulder surfing (computer security) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia