Capacitor swelling is characterized by a visible bulge or deformation on the top or sides of the capacitors. This deformation occurs when internal pressure builds up as the capacitor fails, often due to heat, age, or faulty electrolyte. Identifying this physical change is important because swollen capacitors can lead to motherboard instability and system failures. A burning smell is more commonly associated with short circuits or other component failures, the system not powering up can stem from many unrelated causes such as a faulty power supply, and blue screen of death (BSOD) errors typically point toward driver or memory issues rather than swollen capacitors.
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