Which feature of many modern network interface cards (NICs) allows processing tasks such as TCP segmentation, IPv4/TCP checksum calculation, or IPsec encryption to be handled by the NIC hardware instead of the system's CPU, reducing processor overhead?
TCP/IP offload engine (hardware offload)
Jumbo Frames
Auto-MDI/MDIX
Ethernet Flow Control
TCP/IP offload-often implemented as a TCP offload engine (TOE)-moves portions of the network stack, such as segmentation and checksum calculation, from the operating system to dedicated logic on the NIC. Offloading frees CPU resources and can improve throughput, especially on high-speed links. The other options describe unrelated NIC settings: Jumbo Frames control the maximum transmission unit (MTU), Auto-MDI/MDIX handles automatic crossover detection on copper cabling, and Ethernet Flow Control (PAUSE frames) manages congestion on full-duplex Ethernet links.
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