In IPv4 networking, which component determines how an IP address is divided into network and host portions?
MAC address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
DNS server
The subnet mask is used to determine which bits of an IP address represent the network portion and which bits represent the host portion. It plays a critical role in IP addressing and subnetting. The default gateway is the address that allows a device to communicate with other networks, but it doesn't define the network and host division. A DNS server translates domain names to IP addresses, and a MAC address is a hardware identifier for network interfaces, neither of which determine IP address segmentation.
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