The router selects the route with the longest prefix that matches the destination IP address. In this case, 10.0.1.0/24 is the most specific route matching 10.0.1.45, as it has a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. This means the router will forward the packet to the next-hop IP address 192.168.1.3. The other routes are less specific and therefore not chosen:
10.0.0.0/8 (255.0.0.0) is a broader match.
10.0.0.0/16 (255.255.0.0) is more specific than /8 but less specific than /24.
0.0.0.0/0 is the default route used when no other routes match.
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What is the purpose of the default route (0.0.0.0/0) in a routing table?
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Cisco CCNA 200-301
IP Connectivity
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