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Database Management and SQL Flashcards
CompTIA Data+ DA0-001 (V1) Flashcards
| Front | Back |
| Explain the purpose of the DISTINCT keyword in SQL | It removes duplicate records from the result set |
| Give an example of a DDL (Data Definition Language) statement in SQL | CREATE DROP or ALTER |
| Name the first normal form | A table structure with no repeating groups and each field contains only atomic values |
| Name the second normal form | A table in first normal form where all non-key columns are fully functional dependent on the primary key |
| Name the types of SQL joins | INNER JOIN LEFT JOIN RIGHT JOIN FULL OUTER JOIN |
| What does SQL stand for | Structured Query Language |
| What does the GROUP BY clause do in SQL | Groups rows that share the same values in specified columns into summary rows |
| What is a composite key | A key that consists of two or more columns to uniquely identify a record |
| What is a cursor in SQL | A database object used to retrieve navigate and manipulate rows in a result set |
| What is a data warehouse | A system used for reporting and data analysis |
| What is a foreign key | A field that creates a relationship between two tables |
| What is a JOIN in SQL | A clause used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column |
| What is a primary key in a relational database | A unique identifier for each record in a table |
| What is a schema in a database | The structure that defines the organization of data in the database |
| What is a stored procedure | A precompiled collection of SQL statements stored in the database |
| What is a subquery in SQL | A query nested inside another SQL query |
| What is a surrogate key | A unique identifier for an entity, not derived from application data |
| What is a transaction in databases | A sequence of operations performed as a single logical unit of work |
| What is a trigger in SQL | A procedure that automatically executes in response to certain events on a table or view |
| What is a view in SQL | A virtual table based on the result set of an SQL statement |
| What is ACID in database transactions | Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability |
| What is an index in a database | A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval |
| What is denormalization | The process of adding redundant data to a database for performance improvement |
| What is normalization | The process of organizing data to minimize redundancy |
| What is referential integrity | Ensures relationships between tables remain consistent through foreign keys |
| What is SQL injection | A code injection technique that might destroy a database |
| What is the difference between TRUNCATE and DELETE in SQL | TRUNCATE removes all rows without logging individual row deletions while DELETE logs each row removal and can include a WHERE clause |
| What is the HAVING clause used for in SQL | Used to filter result sets after applying aggregate functions such as SUM or COUNT |
| Which clause is used to filter records in a SQL query | WHERE |
| Which clause is used to sort the result-set in SQL | ORDER BY |
| Which SQL statement is used to delete data from a table | DELETE FROM |
| Which SQL statement is used to insert new data into a table | INSERT INTO |
| Which SQL statement is used to remove a table definition and its data from the database | DROP |
| Which SQL statement is used to retrieve data from a database | SELECT |
| Which SQL statement is used to update existing data in a table | UPDATE |
Gain knowledge of fundamental database management concepts, including relational databases, SQL queries, normalization, and database optimization techniques.