You have joined a new enterprise as a member of the IT Security team. During on boarding you receive two computers, one with access to highly confidential systems and one with access to less critical data and the internet. You cannot send data or documents from one network to the other and have to manage separate credentials for each. What concept best defines this approach?
Answer Description
This setup is best known as an air gap. In network an air gap means two or more networks are physically separated from each other to ensure no data can traverse from one to the other. Generally if a network is so critical it requires an air gap it will be a completely stand alone network with no access to other networks and especially the internet. A true air gap is not common in most businesses, but some known examples are government or military networks, highly critical infrastructure networks like nuclear power plant controls and financial systems like stock exchanges.
Wikipedia
An air gap, air wall or air gapping is a network security measure employed on one or more computers to ensure that a secure computer network is physically isolated from unsecured networks, such as the public Internet or an unsecured local area network. It means a computer or network that has no network interfaces connected to other networks, with a physical or conceptual air gap, analogous to that for water …
Air gap (networking) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia