GCP Cloud Digital Leader Practice Question

An international retailer is modernizing its order-management platform on Google Cloud. The system needs a relational schema, ACID transactions, and synchronous replication across multiple continents to guarantee strong consistency and high availability, while avoiding the overhead of managing database servers. Which Google Cloud data management product best meets these requirements?

Firestore in Native mode
Cloud SQL for MySQL
Cloud Spanner
Cloud Bigtable

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Answer Description

Cloud Spanner is Google Cloud's fully managed, horizontally scalable relational database that offers global replication with strong, synchronous consistency and full ACID transactions. These capabilities let an organization run a single relational database across regions without handling infrastructure management.

Cloud SQL provides managed MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server instances, but each instance is confined to a single region and cannot offer transparent multi-region synchronous replication. Cloud Bigtable is a NoSQL wide-column store optimized for large-scale analytical and operational workloads; it does not support relational schemas or multi-row ACID transactions. Firestore in Native mode is a serverless document database that offers strong consistency but uses a NoSQL, document-oriented model rather than the required relational schema. Therefore, Cloud Spanner is the only option that satisfies all stated requirements.

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