GCP Professional Data Engineer Practice Question

Your retail company runs a 15 TB Oracle 12c database in its on-premises data center that records incoming online orders. You need to populate a BigQuery dataset in Google Cloud and keep it synchronized with the source in near real time so analysts always see up-to-date data. A 1 Gbps Cloud VPN already connects the data center to Google Cloud, and the team prefers a managed, serverless solution that automatically performs change-data capture with minimal ongoing operations work. Which Google Cloud migration service should you use?

Migrate the database with Database Migration Service into Cloud SQL and query it from BigQuery.
Use BigQuery Data Transfer Service to schedule daily incremental imports from Oracle.
Use Datastream to stream CDC events from Oracle to BigQuery.
Ship a Transfer Appliance with exported database files, then load them into BigQuery.

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Answer Description

Datastream is Google Cloud's fully managed, serverless change-data-capture (CDC) and replication service. It supports Oracle sources and can continuously stream inserts, updates, and deletes to BigQuery with sub-second to minute-level latency, requiring little operational overhead.

The BigQuery Data Transfer Service only performs scheduled batch loads and cannot read directly from Oracle. Transfer Appliance is designed for one-time, offline bulk transfers of files to Cloud Storage, not continuous CDC, so it would not keep the dataset current. Database Migration Service focuses on moving databases into Cloud SQL (and currently offers limited support for Oracle) and would still require additional tooling to feed changes into BigQuery. Therefore, Datastream best meets the requirement for managed, serverless, near-real-time replication from an on-prem Oracle database to BigQuery.

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