GCP Professional Data Engineer Practice Question

Your company's e-commerce platform runs on an 8-node on-premises MySQL 5.7 cluster that holds 4 TB of order data and grows about 20 percent per year. The application relies on row-level locking and multi-row, ACID transactions. You will migrate the database to Google Cloud and must meet these constraints:

Fewer than 1,000 transactions per second with sub-second latency.
Recovery point objective (RPO) under five minutes in the event of a regional failure.
No significant application refactoring.
Minimal operational overhead from your small SRE team.

Which managed storage service and deployment pattern best satisfies the requirements?

Deploy Cloud SQL for MySQL with a regional (multi-zone) primary instance and configure a cross-region read replica for disaster recovery.
Use Cloud Bigtable with multi-cluster routing across two regions to achieve low-latency reads and automatic failover.
Migrate to Cloud Spanner and deploy a multi-region instance to obtain synchronous cross-regional replication.
Move the data to Firestore in Datastore mode and enable multi-region replication for high availability.

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Answer Description

Cloud SQL for MySQL is a fully managed relational service that preserves MySQL semantics, including ACID transactions and row-level locking, so the application can be migrated without code changes. A regional (high-availability) primary instance stores data on a regional persistent disk that synchronously replicates to a standby in another zone, delivering near-zero data-loss failover. Adding a cross-region read replica introduces asynchronous replication to a different region; typical lag is measured in seconds, comfortably within the five-minute RPO. Cloud Spanner would meet disaster-recovery objectives but would require code changes to accommodate its SQL dialect and consistency model. Bigtable and Firestore are NoSQL services that do not provide full relational semantics or multi-row ACID transactions, so they do not meet the workload's requirements.

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