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GCP Professional Data Engineer Practice Question

Your company, a Berlin-based healthcare analytics provider, is moving its on-premises data warehouse to Google Cloud. To satisfy GDPR and national healthcare regulations you must ensure that (1) all patient data and its backups stay in EU locations, (2) only EU-based Google personnel can access underlying infrastructure, and (3) auditors can confirm that encryption keys protecting BigQuery tables are under your organization's control. Operational effort should be kept as low as possible. Which approach best meets these requirements?

  • Create an Assured Workloads environment with the EU Regions and Support compliance regime, store all BigQuery datasets in the EU multi-region, enforce the gcp.resourceLocations organization policy, protect the datasets with CMEK keys in a europe-west4 Cloud KMS keyring, and export Cloud Audit Logs to a separate logging project.

  • Store the warehouse in the BigQuery US multi-region, rely on Google-managed default encryption, and isolate access with VPC Service Controls to restrict data exfiltration.

  • Use BigQuery dual-region (EU, US-multi) for higher availability, encrypt tables with customer-supplied encryption keys kept on-premises, and rotate the keys manually via API.

  • Request a dedicated single-tenant Google Cloud region connected over Cloud Interconnect, allow default encryption, and depend solely on IAM audit logs stored in the same project for compliance evidence.

GCP Professional Data Engineer
Designing data processing systems
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