GCP Professional Data Engineer Practice Question

Your analytics team ingests raw click-stream files into a multi-region Cloud Storage bucket that has object versioning enabled. Compliance rules state:

Keep only the current version; discard any older versions 7 days after they become non-current.
Retain the current version in Standard storage for 90 days so that Dataflow jobs can replay it at any time.
After 90 days move the objects to a cheaper class that still supports occasional monthly access.
After 12 months move them to the lowest-cost class available.
Delete the objects exactly 7 years (2 555 days) after creation. You must implement a single Object Lifecycle Management policy that satisfies all requirements and minimises cost. Which set of lifecycle rules should you configure?

Rule A: NoncurrentTime ≥ 30 days → Delete Rule B: Age ≥ 90 days → SetStorageClass = Coldline Rule C: Age ≥ 365 days → Delete
Rule A: Age ≥ 180 days → SetStorageClass = Archive Rule B: Age ≥ 2 920 days → Delete Rule C: NoncurrentTime ≥ 7 days → SetStorageClass = Coldline
Rule A: Age ≥ 90 days → SetStorageClass = Nearline Rule B: Age ≥ 2 555 days → Delete (Non-current versions handled manually.)
Rule A: NoncurrentTime ≥ 7 days → Delete Rule B: Age ≥ 90 days AND IsLive → SetStorageClass = Nearline Rule C: Age ≥ 365 days AND IsLive → SetStorageClass = Archive Rule D: Age ≥ 2 555 days AND IsLive → Delete

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Answer Description

A correct policy needs four rules:

Delete non-current versions after they are 7 days old so that only the live version is kept.
When the live object age reaches 90 days, change its class from Standard to Nearline; this class is cheaper yet still intended for at-least-once-per-month access.
When the live object age reaches 365 days, change its class from Nearline to Archive (Cloud Storage automatically chooses the cheapest of the applicable SetStorageClass actions on the matching day).
When the live object age reaches 2 555 days (≈7 years) delete it to meet the retention limit. The option that lists exactly these four rules in this order-using the Age and NoncurrentTime conditions with the SetStorageClass actions to Nearline and Archive followed by a Delete-is therefore correct. Choices that omit the non-current deletion, apply Coldline instead of Nearline, skip the Archive transition, or use incorrect age thresholds would violate either cost-optimisation goals or compliance timing, so they are incorrect.

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