A global equities trading platform must ingest more than one million trade order updates per second from users on three continents. Each order write must commit in under 10 ms with full ACID semantics and globally consistent reads. Analysts require ad-hoc SQL queries on the full history of trades with less than five-second freshness, but the engineering team wants to avoid managing infrastructure. Which GCP service combination best satisfies both workloads?
Ingest both transactional and analytical workloads directly into a partitioned BigQuery dataset using BigQuery Omni.
Persist orders in Cloud Spanner and stream Spanner change streams to BigQuery with Dataflow for analytics.
Use Cloud SQL with cross-region read replicas for orders and replicate to BigQuery with Datastream.
Store orders in Cloud Bigtable and expose the table as an external table for direct querying from BigQuery.
Cloud Spanner is a fully managed, horizontally scalable relational store that offers strong consistency, global replication, and ACID transactions with single-digit-millisecond latency-ideal for the high-volume transactional (OLTP) order stream. Spanner change streams can continuously capture mutations, and a Dataflow template can stream them into BigQuery, Google Cloud's serverless data warehouse optimized for interactive analytical (OLAP) SQL. This architecture cleanly separates transactional and analytical paths while remaining fully managed. Bigtable lacks multi-row ACID guarantees and global consistency, Cloud SQL cannot scale to millions of updates per second, and BigQuery alone is not designed for sub-millisecond transactional writes.
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