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GCP Professional Cloud Security Engineer Practice Question

Your company operates several regional managed instance groups (MIGs) that serve a latency-sensitive web application. Security policy requires every VM to be rebuilt from a CIS-hardened image that includes the latest operating-system security patches within 48 hours of release. Operations also needs an immutable, auditable history of all image versions and wants to roll out updates with near-zero user-visible downtime. What is the most effective way to meet these requirements?

  • Use OS patch management to run an in-place patch job that installs updates and reboots all VMs during a scheduled two-hour weekend maintenance window.

  • Provision a temporary bastion host after each patch release, connect via SSH to every VM to apply hardening scripts manually, and terminate the bastion afterward.

  • Configure a Cloud Build trigger that runs a Packer template nightly to create CIS-hardened, fully patched Compute Engine images, publish each build as a new version in a dedicated image family, update MIG instance templates to the latest family image, and launch rolling updates with maxSurge at 30 percent and maxUnavailable at 0.

  • Continue deploying public Debian images and add a startup script that executes apt-get update && apt-get upgrade on every boot to pull the latest security fixes.

GCP Professional Cloud Security Engineer
Managing operations
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