GCP Professional Cloud Security Engineer Practice Question

You manage a Cloud Storage bucket that receives daily transaction CSV files in the Standard storage class. The finance team requires two automated controls: (1) minimize storage costs by moving files to a lower-cost class 30 days after upload, and (2) permanently remove the files exactly one year after they have been moved. Which lifecycle rule configuration satisfies both requirements while following Google-recommended lifecycle actions?

Add a SetStorageClass action that changes objects to Nearline when Age = 30 days, plus a Delete action that removes objects when Age = 395 days.
Add a SetStorageClass action when Age = 30 days and another SetStorageClass action when Age = 365 days.
Add a single Delete action when Age = 365 days; no additional rules are needed.
Add a Delete action when Age = 30 days, and a SetStorageClass action to Nearline when Age = 395 days.

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Answer Description

Cloud Storage lifecycle management supports two actions that are relevant here: SetStorageClass (to transition objects to a different storage class) and Delete (to remove objects). To cut costs after 30 days, you configure a SetStorageClass action that transitions objects from Standard to Nearline when their Age condition reaches 30 days. To meet the 12-month retention that starts at that point, you add a Delete action with an Age condition of 395 days (30 + 365). This ensures objects live 30 days in Standard, 365 additional days in Nearline, and are then deleted. Using Delete first, using SetStorageClass to delete data, or using only one type of action would fail to meet either the cost-optimization or retention requirement.

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