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GCP Professional Cloud Security Engineer Practice Question

A new Cloud Run service must read a database password that, for compliance, must be kept in a centrally managed, version-retained location, encrypted at rest with a customer-managed Cloud KMS key, restricted to the service's own service account through least-privilege IAM, and recorded in Cloud Audit Logs on every read. Which solution meets all these controls with the least operational overhead?

  • Run an open-source HashiCorp Vault cluster on Compute Engine, store the password there, and have the Cloud Run service fetch it over HTTPS.

  • Encrypt the password file with Cloud KMS, place it in a private Cloud Storage bucket, and distribute signed URLs to the Cloud Run service for download and decryption at startup.

  • Provide the password as an encrypted environment variable during Cloud Run deployment using the --set-secrets flag so the container can read it at runtime.

  • Store the password in Secret Manager encrypted with a customer-managed key, grant the Cloud Run service account the Secret Manager Secret Accessor role on that secret, and rely on Secret Manager's built-in versioning and audit logging.

GCP Professional Cloud Security Engineer
Ensuring data protection
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