GCP Professional Cloud Architect Practice Question
A fintech company is modernizing its trading platform on Google Cloud. To align with the operational-excellence pillar of the Google Cloud Well-Architected Framework, the architects want every release to reach production with minimal human touch while guaranteeing that unhealthy changes are rolled back automatically and every change is traceable. Which approach best fulfills the pillar's goal of running systems that are automated, manageable, and reliable?
Use Cloud Build for CI but disable liveness and readiness probes in production to reduce pod restarts, relying on SREs to restart pods when alerts fire.
Migrate microservices to unmanaged Compute Engine VMs with startup scripts and rely on engineers SSHing for patches and configuration changes.
Adopt a GitOps model where Cloud Build automatically applies version-controlled Kubernetes manifests to dev, staging, and production clusters, using liveness probes and automatic rollbacks on failed health checks.
Keep the existing CI pipeline but have an operator run kubectl apply manually in each environment after change-approval meetings.
The operational-excellence pillar stresses automation, strong operational control, and consistent reliability. A GitOps workflow satisfies these requirements by:
Using declarative manifests stored in version control, which makes infrastructure and application state easily auditable and manageable.
Having Cloud Build automatically apply the manifests to each cluster, eliminating manual steps.
Relying on health checks and automated rollbacks so failed releases are reverted without human intervention, improving reliability.
The other options fall short:
Manually invoking kubectl for each release is neither automated nor easily repeatable.
Running on unmanaged virtual machines with manual patching introduces operational toil and reduces manageability.
Disabling liveness and readiness probes removes an automatic safety net, lowering reliability even if a CI pipeline is used.
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What is GitOps?
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What is GitOps and how does it work?
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What are liveness and readiness probes in Kubernetes?
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How does Cloud Build improve operational excellence in CI/CD pipelines?
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