Your company manages dozens of projects under a single Cloud Identity organization. The compliance team requires that a support group be able to start and stop Compute Engine VMs in any project, but have no permission to create, modify, or delete any other resources. Which action lets you satisfy least-privilege access while minimizing ongoing administration effort?
Grant the support group the predefined role roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1 on every project.
Grant the support group the basic Editor role on each project and rely on audit logs to detect misuse.
Create a custom IAM role at the organization level that includes only compute.instances.start and compute.instances.stop, and grant that role to the support group on each project.
Create a custom IAM role inside each project with the required permissions and assign it to the support group locally.
An organization-level custom IAM role can contain exactly the permissions you need-in this case compute.instances.start and compute.instances.stop. Because the role is defined at the organization level, it can be granted on any folder or project without having to recreate it, reducing long-term maintenance while still enforcing least privilege.
Granting the predefined roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1 or the Editor basic role would give many additional permissions that violate the compliance requirement. Creating a separate project-level custom role in every project would meet least-privilege goals but would increase administrative overhead whenever the list of projects or required permissions changes.
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