Crucial Exams

Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) Practice Question

During a web application assessment you intercept the following HTTP response:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx X-Powered-By: PHP/8.1.2 X-Powered-By: Express

What is the most appropriate conclusion and next step based on this information leakage?

  • Seeing two X-Powered-By headers is normal with HTTP/2 multiplexing; ignore them and focus on client-side controls instead.

  • Multiple X-Powered-By values show the server is running in verbose debug mode; request the /debug URI next.

  • The duplicate X-Powered-By headers reveal both PHP and Node.js backends; enumerate endpoints for framework-specific vulnerabilities in each tier.

  • Duplicate headers indicate an HTTP response-splitting flaw; immediately test CRLF injection to confirm exploitation.

Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH)
Web Application Hacking
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