During a mobile application penetration test, you are examining an Android banking app that terminates when its certificate pinning check detects your intercepting proxy. The test device is already rooted, and you prefer not to repackage or resign the APK. Which approach will most effectively let you view the app's HTTPS traffic without altering the binary?
Set SELinux to permissive mode with setenforce 0 before launching the application.
Inject a Frida script that hooks the app's certificate-validation functions and forces them to return a successful result.
Use iptables to transparently redirect all TCP 443 traffic to tcpdump and analyze the pcap.
Import the proxy's CA certificate with Android's 'Install from storage' option and rerun the application.
Frida can dynamically hook Java or native methods at runtime. By attaching a Frida script to the running process and replacing implementations of classes such as javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager or okhttp3.CertificatePinner, you can force the app to accept any certificate. Because this happens in memory, you avoid repackaging, resigning, or reinstalling the APK. Simply importing a proxy CA certificate fails because the app ignores the system trust store. Redirecting traffic with iptables or disabling SELinux does nothing to the pinning logic, so the connection will still abort.
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What is Frida and how does it work?
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What is certificate pinning and why does it block interception?
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Why does importing a proxy CA certificate fail in this scenario?
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What is certificate pinning in mobile apps?
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What is Frida, and how does it work in penetration testing?
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Why does importing a proxy’s CA certificate fail for apps with certificate pinning?
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