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Prepare for the CompTIA Network+ N10-008 exam with our free practice test. Randomly generated and customizable, this test allows you to choose the number of questions.
Which of the following OSI model layers is between the Network and Session layers?
Transport
Presentation
Physical
Data link
The Transport layer, or layer 4, of the OSI model is located between the Network and Session layers.
In computer networking, the transport layer is a conceptual division of methods in the layered architecture of protocols in the network stack in the Internet protocol suite and the OSI model. The protocols of this layer provide end-to-end communication services for applications.: §1.1.3 It provides services such as connection-oriented communication, reliability, flow control, and multiplexing. The details of implementation and semantics of the transport layer of the Internet protocol suite, which is the foundation of the Internet, and the OSI model of general networking are different. The protocols in use today in this layer for the Internet all originated in the development of TCP/IP. In the OSI model the transport layer is often referred to as Layer 4, or L4, while numbered layers are not used in TCP/IP. The best-known transport protocol of the Internet protocol suite is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). It is used for connection-oriented transmissions, whereas the connectionless User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is used for simpler messaging transmissions. TCP is the more complex protocol, due to its stateful design incorporating reliable transmission and data stream services. Together, TCP and UDP comprise essentially all traffic on the Internet and are the only protocols implemented in every major operating system. Additional transport layer protocols that have been defined and implemented include the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) and the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP).
Transport layer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA company has recently deployed VoIP phones in its office and intends to power these devices using the network infrastructure. The VoIP phones support Power over Ethernet (PoE). Considering a cost-effective solution, which network switch feature should the company implement to provide power to these phones?
Layer 3 capable switch without PoE
Unmanaged switch with external PoE injectors
Standard switch with UPS backup for power failure resilience
PoE-capable switch
Hub with integrated power outlets
The correct answer is PoE-capable switch because Power over Ethernet is a technology used to deliver power to devices over the existing Ethernet cabling. This eliminates the need for separate power supplies or electrical wiring, simplifying the installation of networked devices such as VoIP phones. A PoE-capable switch has built-in functionality to supply power through the Ethernet ports to devices like VoIP phones.
You are troubleshooting a router and need to connect your laptop to the router’s console port to access and review the configuration. What type of cable do you need to do this?
Cat6 cable
Rollover cable
Cross-over cable
Straight-thru cable
A rollover cable (also called a console cable) is a type of cable that where the pinouts on one end is reversed on the other. This cable is used to connect to the console port of a router to access the management console.
A rollover cable (also known as a Yost cable, Cisco cable, or a Console cable) is a type of null-modem cable that is used to connect a computer terminal to a router's console port. This cable is typically flat (and has a light blue color) to help distinguish it from other types of network cabling. It gets the name rollover because the pinouts on one end are reversed from the other, as if the wire had been rolled over and you were viewing it from the other side. This cabling system was invented to eliminate the differences in RS-232 wiring systems. Any two RS-232 systems can be directly connected by a standard rollover cable and a standard connector. For legacy equipment, an adapter is permanently attached to the legacy port.
Rollover_cable - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA network administrator is setting up a new centralized authentication system for the company's multi-vendor network infrastructure. Security policies require individual accountability and the ability to implement command authorization based on roles. Which authentication protocol would BEST meet these requirements?
Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus (TACACS+)
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
Kerberos
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
TACACS+ is a protocol that provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) services for computers that communicate with a network. Unlike RADIUS, TACACS+ allows for separate and customizable command authorization for each user, which aligns with the security requirement for role-based command authorization. RADIUS also supports centralized authentication but lacks the granularity of per-command authorization.
What approach can an organization put in place to ensure that alterations to the network are appropriately vetted and approved before being applied to the network.
IRP
CM
BCP
RM
Change management (CM) is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support, and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change. This typically includes the formation of a change control board that approve and manage changes.
Change management (CM) is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support, and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change. It includes methods that redirect or redefine the use of resources, business process, budget allocations, or other modes of operation that significantly change a company or organization. Organizational change management (OCM) considers the full organization and what needs to change, while change management may be used solely to refer to how people and teams are affected by such organizational transition. It deals with many different disciplines, from behavioral and social sciences to information technology and business solutions. As change management becomes more necessary in the business cycle of organizations, it is beginning to be taught as its own academic discipline at universities. There are a growing number of universities with research units dedicated to the study of organizational change. One common type of organiational change may be aimed at reducing outgoing costs while maintaining financial performance, in an attempt to secure future profit margins. In a project-management context, the term "change management" may be used as an alternative to change control processes wherein formal or informal changes to a project are formally introduced and approved.Drivers of change may include the ongoing evolution of technology, internal reviews of processes, crisis response, customer demand changes, competitive pressure, modifications in legislation, acquisitions and mergers, and organizational restructuring.
Change_management - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaIn a network environment, which device acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers, often used for both security purposes and to cache frequently accessed content, thus reducing bandwidth usage and speeding up access to data?
Router
Proxy server
Firewall
Switch
A proxy server acts as an intermediary between clients and the internet, enhancing security and privacy by filtering content and hiding the client's IP address. It also improves network performance by caching frequently accessed data, reducing bandwidth usage and speeding up access. Additionally, proxy servers can enforce access policies and balance network load, making them vital for maintaining efficient and secure internet usage in organizational settings.
In computer networking, a proxy server is a server application that acts as an intermediary between a client requesting a resource and the server providing that resource. It improves privacy, security, and performance in the process. Instead of connecting directly to a server that can fulfill a request for a resource, such as a file or web page, the client directs the request to the proxy server, which evaluates the request and performs the required network transactions. This serves as a method to simplify or control the complexity of the request, or provide additional benefits such as load balancing, privacy, or security. Proxies were devised to add structure and encapsulation to distributed systems. A proxy server thus functions on behalf of the client when requesting service, potentially masking the true origin of the request to the resource server.
Proxy_server - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThe process of combining multiple physical network adapters into a single logical interface is known as:
Route aggregation
NIC teaming
Virtualization
Device pairing
Network Interface Controller (NIC) teaming is a form of link aggregation that allows multiple connections for redundancy.
In computer networking, link aggregation is the combining (aggregating) of multiple network connections in parallel by any of several methods. Link aggregation increases total throughput beyond what a single connection could sustain, and provides redundancy where all but one of the physical links may fail without losing connectivity. A link aggregation group (LAG) is the combined collection of physical ports. Other umbrella terms used to describe the concept include trunking, bundling, bonding, channeling or teaming. Implementation may follow vendor-independent standards such as Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) for Ethernet, defined in IEEE 802.1AX or the previous IEEE 802.3ad, but also proprietary protocols.
Link_aggregation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaWhich of the following network topologies is most commonly used in contemporary Ethernet LANs?
Bus topology
Star topology
Mesh topology
Ring topology
Star topology is the most common. This is often a switch, with multiple computers connected through that switch.
A star network is an implementation of a spoke–hub distribution paradigm in computer networks. In a star network, every host is connected to a central hub. In its simplest form, one central hub acts as a conduit to transmit messages. The star network is one of the most common computer network topologies. The hub and hosts, and the transmission lines between them, form a graph with the topology of a star. Data on a star network passes through the hub before continuing to its destination. The hub manages and controls all functions of the network. It also acts as a repeater for the data flow. The star topology reduces the impact of a transmission line failure by independently connecting each host to the hub. Each host may thus communicate with all others by transmitting to, and receiving from, the hub. The failure of a transmission line linking any host to the hub will result in the isolation of that host from all others, but the rest of the network will be unaffected.The star configuration is commonly used with twisted pair cable and optical fiber cable. However, it can also be used with coaxial cable as in, for example, a video router.
Star_network - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaWhat is the name for the collection of interconnected smart devices like security systems, smart appliances, and wearables?
LTE
IoT
API
Modems
The Internet of things (IoT) is used to refer to devices that include smart technologies that allow them to communicate and be controlled over a network. Common IoT devices include home security systems, appliances and audio devices.
The Internet of things (IoT) describes devices with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other communications networks. The Internet of things encompasses electronics, communication and computer science engineering. Internet of things has been considered a misnomer because devices do not need to be connected to the public internet, they only need to be connected to a network, and be individually addressable.The field has evolved due to the convergence of multiple technologies, including ubiquitous computing, commodity sensors, and increasingly powerful embedded systems, as well as machine learning. Older fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control systems, automation (including home and building automation), independently and collectively enable the Internet of things. In the consumer market, IoT technology is most synonymous with "smart home" products, including devices and appliances (lighting fixtures, thermostats, home security systems, cameras, and other home appliances) that support one or more common ecosystems, and can be controlled via devices associated with that ecosystem, such as smartphones and smart speakers. IoT is also used in healthcare systems.There are a number of concerns about the risks in the growth of IoT technologies and products, especially in the areas of privacy and security, and consequently there have been industry and government moves to address these concerns, including the development of international and local standards, guidelines, and regulatory frameworks.
Internet_of_things - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA new organization is developing their plans and procedures. The organization is in the process of planning how their IT systems are going to be brought back online in case of some type of disaster. Which plan is best suites this purpose?
IRP
DRP
CM
BCP
A disaster recovery plan (DRP) and a business continuity plan (BCP) are similar with the difference being that a DRP focuses on the recovery of critical IT services/systems while BCP is about the organizations ability to continue/restore business operations.
Disaster recovery is the process of maintaining or reestablishing vital infrastructure and systems following a natural or human-induced disaster, such as a storm or battle. It employs policies, tools, and procedures. Disaster recovery focuses on information technology (IT) or technology systems supporting critical business functions as opposed to business continuity. This involves keeping all essential aspects of a business functioning despite significant disruptive events; it can therefore be considered a subset of business continuity. Disaster recovery assumes that the primary site is not immediately recoverable and restores data and services to a secondary site.
Disaster_recovery - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA recovery point objective (RPO) is the maximum tolerable amount of time during which data might be lost due to a major incident.
True
False
This statement is incorrect because a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) actually defines the maximum age of files that must be recovered from backup storage for normal operations to resume after a disaster. It's not about the time data might be lost, but rather about how much recent data we can afford to lose. Meanwhile, Recovery Time Objective (RTO) is about the time it takes to recover after a disaster.
A company needs to establish a backup site. The site doesn’t need to be up quickly and the company wants to spend as minimal as possible to get started. Which backup site would best fit their needs?
Lukewarm site
Hot site
Cold site
Warm site
A cold site is a backup site where a space is available but usually equipment and operational data is not in place. This type of site has minimal startup costs but will need more time to get operational.
A backup site or work area recovery site is a location where an organization can relocate following a disaster, such as fire, flood, terrorist threat, or other disruptive event. This is an integral part of the disaster recovery plan and wider business continuity planning of an organization.A backup, or alternate, site can be another data center location which is either operated by the organization, or contracted via a company that specializes in disaster recovery services. In some cases, one organization will have an agreement with a second organization to operate a joint backup site. In addition, an organization may have a reciprocal agreement with another organization to set up a site at each of their data centers. Sites are generally classified based on how prepared they are and the speed with which they can be brought into operation: "cold" (facility is prepared), "warm" (equipment is in place), "hot" (operational data is loaded) –- with increasing cost to implement and maintain with increasing "temperature".
Backup_site#Cold_site - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA network technician is tasked with organizing a company's newly established data center. The technician is determining the best way to manage the multiple fiber and copper cables that will connect various network devices and ensure clean cable runs between equipment racks. Which of the following solutions should the technician implement to facilitate this requirement?
Raceways
Cable ties
Patch panel/patch bay
Service loops
A patch panel/patch bay is designed to consolidate cables and serve as the central point for all network cables in a rack or cabinet. Using patch panels helps in managing cables neatly and allows for easier modifications to the network. It also reduces the wear and tear on equipment ports because connections are not made directly to devices, but rather to the patch panel. The other options listed are not as effective in managing multiple cable connections between network devices in a data center environment.
You need to confirm the configuration of a NIC, what command should you use?
ping
msconfig
ipconfig
dxdiag
The ipconfig command will present you with information on all NIC's on a computer or server.
ipconfig (standing for "Internet Protocol configuration") is a console application program of some computer operating systems that displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings.
Ipconfig - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaWithin the IT division, if one employee selects the items for procurement while a different employee has to execute the transaction, what common security principle is this illustrating?
Separation of duties
Role-based access control
Principle of least privilege
Zero trust model
Separation of duties require that certain tasks cannot be performed by just one person. This is frequently used in purchasing decisions so the same person can’t authorize money to be spend and write the check.
Separation of duties (SoD), also known as segregation of duties, is the concept of having more than one person required to complete a task. It is an administrative control used by organisations to prevent fraud, sabotage, theft, misuse of information, and other security compromises. In the political realm, it is known as the separation of powers, as can be seen in democracies where the government is separated into three independent branches: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary.
Separation_of_duties - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaLooks like thats it! You can go back and review your answers or click the button below to grade your test.